Article1999

A multivariate model of gender differences in adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems.

Bonnie J. Ross Leadbeater · Gabriel P. Kuperminc · Sidney J. Blatt · Christopher K. Hertzog

750 citations0/0 files storedDevelopmental Psychology

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth Mental Health Research Topics

Abstract

Gender differences observed in interpersonal and self-critical vulnerabilities, reactivity to stressful life events, quality of relationships, and self-concepts inform a multivariate theoretical model of the moderating effects of gender on internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescence. To test this model, data were collected in a 1-year prospective study from an ethnically diverse sample of 460 middle school students. Increases in girls' internalizing symptoms, compared with boys', were partly explained by greater stability in girls' interpersonal vulnerabilities and greater magnitude in coefficients linking girls' relationships with parents and peers and internalizing problems. Boys' risks for externalizing problems, compared with girls', were partly explained by the greater stability in boys' vulnerability to self-criticism. Coefficients for most pathways in the model are similar for boys and girls.

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References

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Cited by

2001Gender Differences in the Rates of Exposure to Stressful Life Events and Sensitivity to Their Depressogenic Effects 2015Meta-Analysis of Gender Differences in Self-Compassion 2001School Social Climate and Individual Differences in Vulnerability to Psychopathology among Middle School Students 2002Relationally and Physically Aggressive Children’s Intent Attributions and Feelings of Distress for Relational and Instrumental Peer Provocations 2012Self-compassion, Interpersonal Conflict Resolutions, and Well-being

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