Similarity as a Principle of Causal Inference

Thomas R. Shultz · Frances B. Ravinsky

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Child and Animal Learning Development Science Education and Pedagogy Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference

Abstract

SHULTZ, THOMAS R., and RAVINSKY, FRANCES B. Similarity as a Principle of Causal Inference. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1977, 48, 1552-1558. In the absence of information on the spatio-temporal relations between causes and effects, children between 6 and 12 years of age attributed the effects to similar, as opposed to dissimilar, causes. Older children abandoned the similarity principle when it happened to conflict with principles of covariation or temporal contiguity, while younger children appeared to be confused by such conflicts. In these cases of conflict, the principle of temporal contiguity was somewhat more accessible to the younger children than was the principle of covariation.

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References

1739A Treatise of Human Nature 1973The processes of causal attribution.1932The Child's Conception of Physical Causality 1975The Use of Covariation as a Principle of Causal Analysis 1831Preliminary discourse on the study of natural philosopphy 1974Effects of contiguity, regularity, and age on children's causal inferences.1989Identity and Reality

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