When opportunity knocks: Bottom-up priming of goals by means and its effects on self-regulation.

James Y. Shah · Arie W. Kruglanski

326 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Behavioral Health and Interventions Education, Achievement, and Giftedness Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation

Abstract

Four studies using general attribute goals or specific task goals revealed that attainment means cognitively activate the goals they are perceived to serve. A range of means replicated this effect including goal-directed activities, specific behavioral strategies, or opportunities, assumed to afford effective goal pursuit. The increased accessibility of a currently pursued goal due to "bottom-up" priming by its attainment means improved task persistence and performance, whereas a similarly increased accessibility of a competing goal impeded task persistence and performance.

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References

2000Handbook of Self-Regulation 1998On the Self-Regulation of Behavior 2000On the Self-Regulation of Behavior 2001The automated will: Nonconscious activation and pursuit of behavioral goals.1993Goal Achievement: The Role of Intentions 2002A theory of goal systems 1997The automaticity of everyday life.2000Habits as knowledge structures: Automaticity in goal-directed behavior.

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