The Insertion of the Filioque into the Nicene Creed and a Letter of Isidore of Seville

Shawn C. Smith

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Historical and Religious Studies of Rome Byzantine Studies and History Augustinian Studies and Theology

Abstract

The common tradition says the filioque first appeared in the Nicene Creed at the Third Council of Toledo in 589. In contrast, the manuscript evidence indicates it first appeared at the Eighth Council of Toledo in 653. The date of the insertion can be narrowed further based on a letter of Isidore of Seville (d. 636). This letter ( ep. 6) has been typically considered spurious, but the evidence supports its authenticity.

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1967Die Kirche in den Reichen der Westgoten und Suewen bis zur Errichtung der westgotischen katholischen Staatskirche 1999The Visigoths : studies in culture and society 2002Die Filioque-Kontroverse zwischen Ost- und Westkirche im Frühmittelalter

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2020Reconstructing the Council of Nicaea 2020The Creed 2020The Legacy of the Council of Nicaea in the Orthodox Tradition 2023On the Aesthetic of Diagrams in Byzantine Art

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