El peronismo y la invención de la justicia del trabajo en la Argentina

Abstract

The article examines the origins of labor courts in Argentina in the context of two larger processes. On the one hand, the far-reaching project of institutional transformation embodied in the peronist state, which included a noticeable expansion of state bureaucracy as well as a steady preoccupation for the efficiency of state agencies and training of state officials. On the other hand, the context of a more specific intervention in the judicial system which pursued the main goal of taking away the jurisdiction of conflict resolution from the Judiciary, and putting it in the hands of the National Executive Power. Together with the new labor courts, these judicial policies of peronism involved the creation of other administrative, ‘para-judicial’ instances designed to solve conflicts (such as the different conciliation and arbitration courts managed by the Executive Power), which were key to the implementation of the new social laws. The first part analyzes the academic debates on labor laws and labor courts that took place in Argentine universities and other academic realms in the first part of the 20th century. The second the different actions the peronist governments undertook to provide labor law with a specific justices.

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