Habitat Characteristics and Lemur Species Richness in Madagascar1

Jörg Ulrich Ganzhorn · Simon T. Malcomber · O. Andrianantoanina · Steven Michael Goodman

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Primate Behavior and Ecology Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

Abstract

ABSTRACT In the extant lemur communities of Madagascar the number of lemur species increases with increasing number of tree species. In forests with few tree species lemurs use patches with higher number of tree species than average. However, in forest plots with high number of tree species, lemurs stay in places with lower number of tree species than average. At low tree species diversity a minimum number of different tree species seems to be required within the animals' home range to assure year‐round food availability. At high tree species diversity tree species essential for survival might be diluted by resources which are of no use for lemurs, thus increasing energetic expenses for traveling between suitable patches. According to the present analyses, structural diversity is of subordinate importance to the number of tree species as a correlate of lemur species richness. Within limits of disturbance intensity and on a small geographic scale, disturbances increase forest productivity. Lemurs reach higher species numbers and population densities in slightly disturbed areas compared with undisturbed sites. This peaked curve of the number of lemur species over disturbance, however, may not only be a consequence of “resource dilution” in undisturbed sites and higher food abundance in slightly disturbed areas, but also a consequence of selective extinction of lemur species which were unable to cope with the disturbance regime exaggerated by human interference over the last few hundred or thousand years.

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References

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2015The Use of an Invasive Species Habitat by a Small Folivorous Primate: Implications for Lemur Conservation in Madagascar 2011Christoph Schwitzer, Livvy Glatt, K. Anne-Isola Nekaris, Jörg U. Ganzhorn 2015Eco-evo-devo of the lemur syndrome: did adaptive behavioral plasticity get canalized in a large primate radiation?1999Past and Present Distributions of Lemurs in Madagascar 2006

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