Development and psychometric testing of a new geriatric spiritual well‐being scale

Karen S. Dunn

17 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Older People Nursing

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Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Workplace Spirituality and Leadership

Abstract

Aims and objectives. Assess the psychometric properties of a new geriatric spiritual well-being scale (GSWS), specifically designed for older adults. Background. Religiosity and spiritual wellness must be measured as two distinct concepts to prevent confounding them as synonymous among atheist and agnostic population. Design. A test-retest survey design was used to estimate the psychometric properties. Methods. A convenience sample of 138 community-dwelling older adults was drawn from the inner city of Detroit. Data were collected using telephone survey interviews. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, structural equation modelling, reliability analyses, and point-biserial correlations. Results. The factorial validity of the proposed model was not supported by the data. Fit indices were χ(2) = 185.98, d.f. = 98, P < 0.00, goodness-of-fit index of 0.85, comparative fit index of 0.87 and root mean error of approximation of 0.08, indicating a mediocre fit. Reliability statistics for the subscales ranged from being poor (0.36) to good (0.84) with an acceptable overall scale alpha of 0.76. Participants' performance stability and criterion-related validity were also supported. Conclusions. The GSWS is an age-specific assessment tool that was developed specifically to address a population's cultural diversity. Future research endeavors will be to test the psychometric properties of this scale in culturally diverse older adult populations for further instrument development. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses need to recognize that agnostics/atheists have spiritual needs that do not include religious beliefs or practices. Thus, assessing patients' religious beliefs and practices prior to assessing spiritual well-being is essential to prevent bias.

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References

1998Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling 2000Structural equation modeling with AMOS: basic concepts, applications, and programming 1982Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report 1996Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling.1997Focus Groups as Qualitative Research 1967Personal Religious Orientation and Prejudice.1983Spiritual Well-Being: Conceptualization and Measurement 1983Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy

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