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The central premise of “Contemporary Neurobehavioral Syndromes” is that the clinical neuropsychologist of the early 21st century is faced with new syndromes that depart from the “traditional” disorders (stroke, brain trauma, dementing disorders, learning disabilities, etc.) their training prepared them for. The editors attribute the growth of knowledge to advances in neuroimaging, neuropsychological assessment, and the biological revolution in psychiatry. Three specific inclusion criteria were offered for a contemporary syndrome: (a) syndromes that did not exist before the 20th century (e.g., exposure to depleted uranium), (b) syndromes for which a paradigm shift occurred (e.g., autism re-conceptualized from a disorder of faulty child-rearing practices to a developmental neurobiological disorder), and (c) syndromes that were incompletely understood (e.g., neuro-developmental disorders stemming from prenatal exposure to methylmercury). Thus, a primary goal of the text is to provide an update on various syndromes that have been re-conceptualized or did not exist decades ago. Contemporary Neurobehavioral Syndromes also aims to provide chapters of relevance to neuropsychologists, and although it is generally clearly written, it is uneven in the degree to which it succeeds.
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