Articlehybrid2011

Enamel carbon isotope evidence of diet and habitat of Gigantopithecus blacki and associated mammalian megafauna in the Early Pleistocene of South China

Lingxia Zhao · Lizhao Zhang · FuSong Zhang · Xinzhi Wu

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Evolution and Paleontology Studies Archaeology and ancient environmental studies

Abstract

Enamel stable carbon isotope analyses were conducted on the large fossil ape Gigantopithecus blacki and an associated mammalian megafauna from Longgudong Cave in Jianshi and Juyuandong Cave in Liucheng, South China. The range in δ 13C values (−18.8‰ to −14.1‰) indicates that G. blacki and other large mammals fed on solely C3 biomass, and lived in forest habitats, and not open country or savannas. These results are consistent with other faunal and floral analyses for that time. The diet and habitat of G. blacki were significantly different from those of early hominins (Australopithecus and Paranthropus) from South and East Africa. Extinction of G. blacki probably was a result of forest habitat fragmentation and deterioration.

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References

2009Ardipithecus ramidus and the Paleobiology of Early Hominids 1999Isotopic Evidence for the Diet of an Early Hominid, Australopithecus africanus 2011Diet of Paranthropus boisei in the early Pleistocene of East Africa 1994Diet of Australopithecus robustus at Swartkrans from stable carbon isotopic analysis 1944Giant Early Man from Java and South China 2005Hominins, sedges, and termites: new carbon isotope data from the Sterkfontein valley and Kruger National Park 2008Isotopic evidence for contrasting diets of early hominins Homo habilis and Australopithecus boisei of Tanzania 2003The carbon isotope ecology and diet of Australopithecus africanus at Sterkfontein, South Africa

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2014The paleoecology of early Pleistocene G igantopithecus blacki inferred from isotopic analyses 2024The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki

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