Psychological Capital

Abstract

This study examined measurement invariance of the 12-item psychological capital survey across 12 national cultures (Brazil, China, Germany, India, Italy, Mexico, Poland, South Africa, Sweden, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States), representing a cross-section of all major world cultures corresponding to the GLOBE research project. Analysis of data from 56,363 employees confirms the configural second-order hierarchical factor structure for psychological capital in all national cultures. However, more stringent levels of metric equivalence were supported only with a simplified three-factor structure proposed in this research as a cross-cultural nine-item instrument. Implications for comparing means for psychological capital across national cultures are discussed.

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