Contributions of Discriminant Analysis to Differential Diagnosis by Self-Report

Douglas B. Marlowe · Scott E. Wetzler

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Psychological Testing and Assessment Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Personality Disorders and Psychopathology

Abstract

We used discriminant function analyses of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI; Hathaway & McKinley, 1983), Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI; Millon, 1983), MCMI-II (Millon, 1987), and Symptom Checklist Ninety-Revised (SCL-90-R; Derogatis, 1983) profiles from a heterogenous group of 272 psychiatric inpatients to classify patients as depressed, manic, and/or psychotic. Most functions generated from these tests significantly discriminated depressed, manic (not MCMI-II), and psychotic (not MCMI) subjects from psychiatric controls. However, there was little improvement in diagnostic efficiency over the use of single scale elevations at specified cut scores. Functions derived from the MCMI for mania and the MCMI-II for psychosis show the most promise but require replication. The difficulty of using group profile differences for the diagnosis of individual psychiatric patients is discussed.

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References

1983Factor Structure and Discriminant Validity of the SCL-90 in a Veteran Psychiatric Population 1993The Diagnosis and Assessment of Depression, Mania, and Psychosis by Self-Report 1988Validity of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory in the Assessment of Affective Disorders 1987Concurrent validity of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory depression scales.1988The MMPI and Clinical Diagnosis: A Comparison of Classification System Outcomes With Discharge Diagnoses 1988The utility of the MCMI as a DSM-III axis I diagnostic tool 1960CHARACTERISTICS OF DEPRESSIVE AND PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIC REACTIONS ON THE MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY 1988Differentiating Between Schizophrenic and Manic Inpatients by Means of the MMPI

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2009An Item-Level Psychometric Analysis of the Personality Assessment Inventory 1995A hybrid decision framework for evaluating psychometric evidence 1994Assessment of Depression: Using the MMPI, Millon, and Millon-II

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