The Effect of an Older Sibling on Infant Locomotor Exploration of a New Environment

Helen R. Samuels

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Children's Physical and Motor Development Language Development and Disorders Child and Animal Learning Development

Abstract

SAMUELS, H-ELEN R. The Effect of an Older Sibling on Infant Locomotor Exploration of a New Environment. CmLD DEVELOPMENT, 1980, 51, 607-609. 14 23-month-old infants were observed twice, once with and once without their older siblings, to determine the .effect of the older child's presence on infant locomotor exploration. Observations were made as the children played, with mothers present, in the rear yard of a private home. When older siblings were present, infants went farther from their mothers, traversed a larger area of the yard, left their mothers more quickly, and stayed away longer. Although 13 of the 14 infants reached the most distant locations from their mothers as a result of following their siblings, they also showed independent behavior. Furthermore, increased infant locomotor exploration was accompanied by more visual inspection and manipulation of objects at distances exceeding 8 m from the mother. Sibling presence was shown to increase infant locomotor exploration. Other effects of daily exposure to an active and only moderately competent family member are probable, but remain to be studied.

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References

1960Conflict, arousal, and curiosity.1966Behavior of Nonhuman Primates.1976Birth Order and Sex of Sibling as Determinants of Mother-Infant Interaction 1970The Infant Separates Himself from His Mother 1978Interactions between Eighteen-Month-Olds and Their Preschool-Aged Siblings 1974A Group of Young Chimpanzees in a One-Acre Field1 1The collection of data for this chapter was supported by grant FR-00164 from the National Institutes of Health to the Delta Regional Primate Research Center of Tulane University, the writing of this chapter by National Science Foundation grant GU-3850 to the Psychobiology Program of the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Without the encouragement and advice of William A. Mason, Arthur J. Riopelle, Helmut Hofer, and Hans Kummer some of the experiments might not have been initiated, and without the assistance of Palmer Midgett, Jr., few of the experiments could have been conducted.

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1982Role Asymmetries in Interactions among School-Aged Children, Their Younger Siblings, and Their Friends 1984Naturalistic Observations of Children's Activities and Roles While Playing with Their Siblings and Friends 1984Ordinal position differences in children's family interactions.1983Sibling Relationships in Early Childhood 1992Sibling Interaction

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