EGYPTIAN TASKMASTERS AND HEAVY BURDENS: HIGHLAND EXPLOITATION AND THE COLLARED‐RIM PITHOS OF THE BRONZE/IRON AGE LEVANT

Abstract

Summary.In considering the most controversial ceramic artefact of the Levant in the late 2nd millennium BC, the collared‐rim pithos, this paper breaks down the artificial chronological and cultural boundary that in many studies isolates the central highlands of modern Israel‐Palestine from the rest of the region. A large transport vessel, the collared‐rim pithos has been inappropriately used as an ‘ethnic marker’ for the settlement and expansion of the Ancient Israelites and as a chronological indicator of the Iron I Period (1200–1000 BC). Here a new socio‐economic model is proposed which accounts for the spatio‐temporal distribution of the collared‐rim pithos and integrates highland settlements into a regional system of exploitation which characterises the last phase of Ramesside hegemony in the Levant.

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