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The Independent and Joint Effects of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Age on Sentencing Outcomes in U.S. Federal Courts
16 references·16 citing·34 second hopsampled
The Independent and Joint Effects of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Age on Sentencing Outcomes in U.S. Federal Courts (2009)The Independent and Joint Effects of Race…Incarceration and the Formation and Stability of Marital Unions (2005)Incarceration and the Formati…A Meta-Analysis of Race and Sentencing Research: Explaining the Inconsistencies (2005)A Meta-Analysis of Race and S…SENTENCING IN CONTEXT: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS (2004)SENTENCING IN CONTEXT: A MULT…Invisible punishment : the collateral consequences of mass imprisonment (2002)Invisible punishment : the co…Democratic Contraction? Political Consequences of Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States (2002)Democratic Contraction? Polit…ETHNICITY AND JUDGES' SENTENCING DECISIONS: HISPANIC‐BLACK‐WHITE COMPARISONS (2001)ETHNICITY AND JUDGES' SENTENC…THE IMPRISONMENT PENALTY PAID BY YOUNG, UNEMPLOYED BLACK AND HISPANIC MALE OFFENDERS (2000)THE IMPRISONMENT PENALTY PAID…Ethnicity and Sentencing Outcomes in U.S. Federal Courts: Who is Punished More Harshly? (2000)Ethnicity and Sentencing Outc…THE INTERACTION OF RACE, GENDER, AND AGE IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING: THE PUNISHMENT COST OF BEING YOUNG, BLACK, AND MALE (1998)THE INTERACTION OF RACE, GEND…Sentencing under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Effects of Defendant Characteristics, Guilty Pleas, and Departures on Sentence Outcomes for Drug Offenses, 1991–1992 (1997)Sentencing under the Federal …Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Crime and Criminal Justice in the United States (1997)Racial and Ethnic Disparities…The Organizational Context of Criminal Sentencing (1995)The Organizational Context of…Ethnic labels, Latino lives: identity and the politics of (re)presentation in the United States (1995)Ethnic labels, Latino lives: …GENDER AND IMPRISONMENT DECISIONS (1993)GENDER AND IMPRISONMENT DECIS…An Integration of Theories to Explain Judicial Discretion (1991)An Integration of Theories to…Crime and Social Justice (1983)Crime and Social JusticeJust a number? Using artificial intelligence to explore perceived founder age in entrepreneurial fundraising (2023)Just a number? Using artifici…Sentencing Disparity and Sentencing Guidelines: the Case of China (2021)Sentencing Disparity and Sent…Enhancing the legitimacy of sentences in the minds of the public: Evidence from a public opinion survey in Hong Kong (2020)Enhancing the legitimacy of s…Focally Concerned About Focal Concerns: A Conceptual and Methodological Critique of Sentencing Disparities Research (2019)Focally Concerned About Focal…Cumulative Disadvantage in the American Criminal Justice System (2019)Cumulative Disadvantage in th…Altersdiskriminierung in institutionellen Kontexten (2018)Altersdiskriminierung in inst…Victim age and capital sentencing outcomes in North Carolina (1977–2009) (2017)Victim age and capital senten…Locating the Judge within Sentencing Research (2017)Locating the Judge within Sen…Sentencing on the Evidence (2016)Sentencing on the EvidenceIntersectionality of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Age on Criminal Punishment (2016)Intersectionality of Race, Et…Citizenship and Punishment (2014)Citizenship and PunishmentProcedural Justice and Cooperation (2013)Procedural Justice and Cooper…Gender and Crime (2013)Gender and CrimeAustralian police officers' perceptions of sex offender registries (2013)Australian police officers' p…Gender and Sentencing in the Federal Courts (2012)Gender and Sentencing in the …Racism and Hypertension: A Review of the Empirical Evidence and Implications for Clinical Practice (2011)Racism and Hypertension: A Re…Sentencing as a Human Process (1971)Sentencing as a Human Process (1973)American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. (1993)Mental Disorders and Violence in a Total Birth Cohort (2000)Incarceration and Stratification (2010)Race and Economic Opportunity in the United States: an Intergenerational Perspective* (2019)The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective, by Lawrence M. Friedman (1976)The Social Contexts of Criminal Sentencing (1987)Recent Developments and New Directions in Sentencing Research (2011)Reassessing and Redirecting Research on Race and Sentencing (2012)Causal attribution and punishment for crime (1981)CUMULATIVE DISADVANTAGE: EXAMINING RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITY IN PROSECUTION AND SENTENCING (2014)Toward a Theory of Minority-Group Relations (1967)The Handbook of Research Synthesis. (1995)Practical Meta-Analysis (2000)Disproportionate Minority Contact (2008)Organizational culture and leadership (1993)Rethinking Racism: Toward a Structural Interpretation (1997)The Many colors of crime: inequalities of race, ethnicity, and crime in America (2007)Immigrant America: a portrait (1997)Do Judges Vary in Their Treatment of Race? (2012)The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations. (1958)The psychology of interpersonal relations. (1958)Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization. (1978)A General Theory of Crime (1990)Bowling alone (2000)Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community (2000)Incarceration as Exposure: The Prison, Infectious Disease, and Other Stress-Related Illnesses (2008)The Black Family and Mass Incarceration (2008)On the Run: Wanted Men in a Philadelphia Ghetto (2009)Enabling the Practice of Mathematics Teachers in Context: Toward a New Equity Research Agenda (2002)The Racial and Ethnic Typification of Crime and The Criminal Typification of Race and Ethnicity in Local Television News (2002)The Changing Terrain of Race and Ethnicity (2004)Collateral Consequences of Sex Offender Registration (2004)
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References

  • 1998THE INTERACTION OF RACE, GENDER, AND AGE IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING: THE PUNISHMENT COST OF BEING YOUNG, BLACK, AND MALE1,592 cited
  • 2002Invisible punishment : the collateral consequences of mass imprisonment922 cited
  • 1991An Integration of Theories to Explain Judicial Discretion751 cited
  • 2000Ethnicity and Sentencing Outcomes in U.S. Federal Courts: Who is Punished More Harshly?650 cited
  • 2004SENTENCING IN CONTEXT: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS594 cited
  • 1993GENDER AND IMPRISONMENT DECISIONS538 cited
  • 1995Ethnic labels, Latino lives: identity and the politics of (re)presentation in the United States512 cited
  • 2000THE IMPRISONMENT PENALTY PAID BY YOUNG, UNEMPLOYED BLACK AND HISPANIC MALE OFFENDERS499 cited
  • 2002Democratic Contraction? Political Consequences of Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States497 cited
  • 2005A Meta-Analysis of Race and Sentencing Research: Explaining the Inconsistencies492 cited
  • 1997Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Crime and Criminal Justice in the United States489 cited
  • 1997Sentencing under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Effects of Defendant Characteristics, Guilty Pleas, and Departures on Sentence Outcomes for Drug Offenses, 1991–1992459 cited
  • 1983Crime and Social Justice409 cited
  • 2005Incarceration and the Formation and Stability of Marital Unions

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380 cited
  • 2001ETHNICITY AND JUDGES' SENTENCING DECISIONS: HISPANIC‐BLACK‐WHITE COMPARISONS375 cited
  • 1995The Organizational Context of Criminal Sentencing369 cited
  • Cited by

    • 2013Gender and Crime298 cited
    • 2019Cumulative Disadvantage in the American Criminal Justice System264 cited
    • 2016Intersectionality of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Age on Criminal Punishment250 cited
    • 2011Racism and Hypertension: A Review of the Empirical Evidence and Implications for Clinical Practice232 cited
    • 2019Focally Concerned About Focal Concerns: A Conceptual and Methodological Critique of Sentencing Disparities Research167 cited
    • 2012Gender and Sentencing in the Federal Courts145 cited
    • 2014Citizenship and Punishment120 cited
    • 2023Just a number? Using artificial intelligence to explore perceived founder age in entrepreneurial fundraising37 cited
    • 2021Sentencing Disparity and Sentencing Guidelines: the Case of China34 cited
    • 2020Enhancing the legitimacy of sentences in the minds of the public: Evidence from a public opinion survey in Hong Kong27 cited
    • 2013Procedural Justice and Cooperation21 cited
    • 2013Australian police officers' perceptions of sex offender registries18 cited
    • 2017Locating the Judge within Sentencing Research16 cited
    • 2018Altersdiskriminierung in institutionellen Kontexten15 cited
    • 2016Sentencing on the Evidence11 cited
    • 2017Victim age and capital sentencing outcomes in North Carolina (1977–2009)10 cited