Article1992

Conceptual Meaning and Spuriousness in Ratio Correlations: The Case of Restaurant Tipping1

40 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Applied Social Psychology

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Statistical Methods and Applications Multidisciplinary Science and Engineering Research

Abstract

Ratios of one variable over another are frequently used in social psychological research in order to control for a linear relationship between the numerator and the denominator. However, the use of ratio variables can introduce spuriousness into data analyses. This article provides a description and explanation of the problem of spuriousness in ratio correlations and it illustrates this problem with research on restaurant tipping.

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References

1979Weather, mood, and helping behavior: Quasi experiments with the sunshine samaritan.1984The Midas Touch 1973Sociological Methodology 1971 1987Investigating the social-adjustive and value-expressive functions of attitudes: Implications for persuasion processes.1974Structural Equation Models in the Social Sciences.1984Ambient temperature and violent crime: Tests of the linear and curvilinear hypotheses.1980Sociological Methodology, 1979.1975Diffusion of Responsibility and Restaurant Tipping: Cheaper by the Bunch

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2007Ingratiation and Gratuity: The Effect of Complimenting Customers on Tipping Behavior in Restaurants 2007Employee Preferences for Tipping Systems

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