Science in Greece: from the age of Hippocrates to the age of the genome

Abstract

The contributions of classical Greek culture to science, including medicine, were considerable. Happily, Greece is again becoming a force in modern biomedicine. Bibliometric analysis shows that, compared to the rest of the world, Greece has achieved a steady, gradual increase in research productivity during the last 10 years both in absolute and relative terms. However, that increase has come in selected fields and despite the fact that the proportion of the gross domestic product (GDP) devoted to research and development has been stable at around 0.6% (i.e., 3–5 times lower than that of the European Community, the United States of America, and Japan, where the relevant values are 1.9%, 2.7%, and 2.9%). In addition, there are serious problems related to the adequacy of the infrastructure that supports research in Greece. This article outlines the classical contributions to biomedical science in the cradle of Western civilization and the state of science in Greece today.

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