The Provisions on Closer Co‐operation in the Treaty of Amsterdam: The Politics of Flexibility in the European Union

Éric Philippart

86 citations0/0 files storedJCMS Journal of Common Market Studies

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European Union Policy and Governance European and International Law Studies European Law and Migration

Abstract

The provisions on closer co‐operation are the main conceptual and procedural innovation introduced by the Treaty of Amsterdam. This article examines the philosophy of the new system through a systematic review of the methods and the underlying principles. It then discusses the meaning and implications of this general mechanism of flexibility for the EU integration process.

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2014Enhanced cooperation in practice. An analysis of differentiated integration in EU secondary law 2007The European Onion? How Differentiated Integration is Reshaping the EU 2001Nice Results: The Millennium IGC in the EU's Evolution 2000The Slow March of European Legislation: The Implementation of Directives 2000Transnational governance ‘above’ and ‘below’ the state: The changing nature of borders in the new Europe

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