TARGET ARTICLE: On Building a Better Process Model: It's Not Only How Many, but Which Ones and By Which Means?

Abstract

The Quad Model proposes that four cognitive processes are pervasive across social behavior. I describe the model and compare it to dual- and uniprocess models. Distinguishing among the four processes can provide a more nuanced and accurate depiction of social behavior than can other models. It also allows the model to be applied to a much broader range of domains. A key problem for many dual-process models is that they confound processing style with either type of content (e.g., category vs. individuating information) or type of task (implicit vs. explicit tasks). As a result, these models have trouble assessing the joint influences of multiple processes. In contrast, the Quad Model provides estimates of the independent and simultaneous contributions of 4 key processes to social behavior.

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