The interpersonal communication motives model

Abstract

This study tested a model of interpersonal communication motives and the construct validity of the Interpersonal Communication Motives Instrument (ICM). Specifically, we hypothesized that ICM would be differentially related to who we talk to, how we talk, and what we talk about. In Study 1, questionnaires were completed by 319 adults who rated their interpersonal communication motives to a target person at one of six relationship levels: stranger, formal friend, co‐worker, close friend, family member, and spouse/lover. Study 2 involved 586 adults who completed questionnaires assessing ICM, likelihood of self‐disclosure, and communicator style. Results indicated that more intimate relationship levels were better seen as fulfilling affection and inclusion motives. Escape and control were related to both the directive and active dimensions of communicator style. Breadth of disclosure was related to pleasure, affection, inclusion, and escape motives; depth of disclosure was related to inclusion, escape, and control. The discussion focuses on the validity and reliability of the ICM measure and model and summarizes knowledge about why people talk with others.

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