Influence of Age, Sex, Balance, and Sport Participation on Development of Kicking by Children in Grades K-8

Stephen A. Butterfield · E. Michael Loovis

88 citations0/0 files storedPerceptual and Motor Skills

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Children's Physical and Motor Development Sport Psychology and Performance Sports and Physical Education Research

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the contributions of age, sex, balance, and sport participation on development of kicking by children in Grades K-8. The subjects were 379 boys and 337 girls (ages 4 to 14) enrolled in a medium-sized school system in southeastern Maine. Each subject was individually assessed on kicking development and static and dynamic balance. All subjects completed a survey on their participation in school or community-sponsored soccer. To assess the independent effects of age, sex, static balance, dynamic balance, and sport participation within each grade, data were subjected to multiple regression analysis. Development of mature form was significantly related to sex (Grade 6: boys outperformed girls), static and dynamic balance (Grade 7), and age (Grade 6).

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1987Human Motor Development: A Lifespan Approach 1992Lifelong motor development 1982Perceptual and Motor Development 1938The Behavior Pattern of Throwing and Some Observations Concerning its Course of Development in Children

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