A Note on the Early Use of Dammar Varnish

Abstract

Dammar varnish was introduced into Europe and America during the nineteenth century, but the chronology of its use in various countries is still imperfectly understood. New information from unpublished manuscripts shows that dammar was used by painters in the United States by the middle of the nineteenth century—one American painter wrote that dammar was ‘much used in the United States’ in 1851—and by 1860 it was available from at least three American colormen. The use of dammar may have been more widespread in the United States at this time than it was in Britain, perhaps because of connections between German and American painters.

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