Expertise and age-related changes in components of intelligence.

Hiromi Masunaga · John Louis Horn

105 citations0/0 files storedPsychology and Aging

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Cognitive Abilities and Testing Sport Psychology and Performance Aging and Gerontology Research

Abstract

In a sample of 263 male GO players at 48 levels of expertise and ranging from 18 to 78 years of age, it was found that factors of expertise deductive reasoning (EDR) and expertise working memory (EWM) were independent of factors of fluid reasoning (Gf) and short-term working memory (STWM) that, along with cognitive speed (Gs), have been found to characterize decline of intelligence in adulthood. The main effects of analyses of cross-sectional age differences indicated age-related decline in EDR and EWM as well as in Gf, STWM, and Gs. However, interaction and partialing analyses indicated that decline in EDR and EWM decreased to no decline with increase in level of expertise. The results thus suggest that with increase in factors known to raise the level of expertise--particularly, intensive, well-designed practice--there may be no age-related decline in the intelligence that is measured in the abilities of expertise.

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2005Cognitive Ability, Expertise, and Age Differences in Following Air-Traffic Control Instructions.2006A Merging Theory of Expertise and Intelligence 2016Beyond Born versus Made 2003Intelligence as Adaptive Resource Development and Resource Allocation: A New Look Through the Lenses of SOC and Expertise 2007A multilevel model analysis of expertise in chess across the life span.2008

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