Aging and interference in verbal working memory.

Trey Hedden · Denise C. Park

107 citations0/0 files storedPsychology and Aging

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Aging and Gerontology Research Memory Processes and Influences Cognitive Abilities and Testing

Abstract

According to inhibitory views of working memory, old adults should have particular problems deleting irrelevant information from working memory, leading to greater interference effects compared with young adults. The authors investigated this hypothesis by using variations of an A-B, C-D retroactive interference paradigm in working memory with young and old adults. They used a recognition measure of memory, assessing both accuracy and reaction time. The primary finding was that senior adults consistently exhibited proportionally greater retroactive interference effects compared with young adults when interfering word pairs that had been read aloud had to be rejected. Patterns of recognition and reaction time data suggested that old adults' activation of target material is similar to young adults, but they experience sustained activation of irrelevant material that has entered working memory. Theoretical implications of these findings for inhibitory deficit (R. T. Zacks & L. Hasher, 1998) and source memory deficit accounts of cognitive aging are discussed.

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2016Handbook of the Psychology of Aging 2018The Teacher's Word Book of 30, 000 Words 1991Decomposing adult age differences in working memory.1997Meta-analyses of age-cognition relations in adulthood: Estimates of linear and nonlinear age effects and structural models.1999Cognitive Aging: A Primer 1999Individual differences in information-processing rate and amount: Implications for group differences in response latency.1999Attention and performance XVII: Cognitive regulation of performance: Interaction of theory and application.1991Experimental Psychology, Cognition, and Human Aging

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