Perfecting Practice: Applying the PETTLEP Model of Motor Imagery

Caroline J. Wakefield · Dave Smith

66 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Sport Psychology in Action

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Abstract

Holmes and Collins’ (2001) PETTLEP model of imagery provides a framework for the effective execution of imagery interventions. The model includes seven key components to consider when developing an intervention, denoted by the acronym PETTLEP (Physical, Environment, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion, Perspective). Over recent years, the model has gained much research support. This paper explores the research that has tested the model and provides recommendations for those interested in implementing PETTLEP-based imagery interventions, including a summary of our points as a brief take-home guide to implementing PETTLEP interventions.

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References

1979A Bio‐Informational Theory of Emotional Imagery 1990Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders 2005Applied Sport Psychology: Personal Growth to Peak Performance 2001The PETTLEP Approach to Motor Imagery: A Functional Equivalence Model for Sport Psychologists 1999Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders 2019The Cognitive Psychophysiology of Emotion 2002Solutions in Sport Psychology 1999Efficacy of External and Internal Visual Imagery Perspectives for the Enhancement of Performance on Tasks in Which Form Is Important

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2021Recommendations for Combining Action Observation and Motor Imagery Interventions in Sport 2021Effect of Motor Imagery Training on Motor Learning in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2017The influence of imagery capacity in motor performance improvement 2013Anxiety Management through Psychophysiological Techniques: Relaxation and Psyching-Up in Sport 2019Kinaesthetic imagery ability moderates the effect of an AO+MI intervention on golf putt performance: A pilot study

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