Football in the reconstruction of the gender order in Japan

Abstract

This essay addresses the conjunctions of football, masculinity and gender relations in Japanese society. Football has been identified as a major domain of masculinity in modern societies. However, in Japan, where football has emerged as a major cultural force only over the past one or two decades, women are much more present in the football stadia than in the traditional core cultures of football support. Despite the apparent de‐gendering of football, in some subcultures football has been rebuilt as part of the male world. By looking at the way football is packaged, played and supported in Japan, I will show how both a crisis of hegemonic masculinity and the commodification of the game have changed the relations between football and gender in a specific cultural context.

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