Article1996

Life stress and treatment course of recurrent depression: II. Postrecovery associations with attrition, symptom course, and recurrence over 3 years.

Scott M. Monroe · John E. Roberts · David J. Kupfer · Ellen Frank

91 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Abnormal Psychology

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications Treatment of Major Depression

Abstract

Life stress was studied in relation to postrecovery attrition, symptom course, and recurrence of depression over 3 years. Participants were 67 individuals with recurrent depression who had responded to treatment. Life stress was assessed for the prior 12 weeks at acute treatment entry (T1), initial recovery (T2), and after 17 weeks of sustained recovery (T3). Severe life events at T1 predicted greater attrition, a more favorable postrecovery symptom course, and a lower likelihood of recurrence over 3 years. Life stress at T2 was not predictive of outcomes. Finally, undesirable life events at T3 tended to predict a worse symptom course and a higher likelihood of recurrence, particularly for individuals on medication. The findings are discussed in terms of (a) different processes influenced by life stress over time and (b) limitations of existing longitudinal research for studying the effects of life stress over prolonged intervals.

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References

1960A RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION 1988Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation 1967The social readjustment rating scale 1978Research Diagnostic Criteria 1989Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression.1980Social Origins of Depression: A Study of Psychiatric Disorder in Women.1989National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program 1991Diathesis-stress theories in the context of life stress research: Implications for the depressive disorders.

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1998Life Circumstances and Personal Resources as Predictors of the Ten‐Year Course of Depression 2015A two-factor model of relapse/recurrence vulnerability in unipolar depression.2001Life Stress and the Symptoms of Major Depression 2000Long-term posttreatment functioning among patients with unipolar depression: An integrative model.2002Cognitive vulnerability to depression: The role of thought suppression and attitude certainty

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