Les fondements épistémologiques de l'évaluation des recherches tournées vers l'action

Abstract

The epistemological foundations of researches turned toward the action's assessment. In the present context, characterised by an increasing demand for research from private and public decision makers, public research must adapt itself. In the cases of researches ‘for’ and ‘about’ regional development, this is traducing by a double requirement: to form pluridisciplinary collectives of researchers, and also to set up a specific partnership shape, melting numerous researchers gathered in the same geographical area. But, within the research institutions, these researches because it get off the usual canons, are putting the question of its assessment. To my opinion, scientific character is based on the way research are made more than the disciplinary character of the object. This article aims to show that assessment can not be narrowed to the only results and that it is necessary to evaluate how this researches are carried out. Doing researches ‘for’ the regional development implies researcher in the innovation processes which lead to add a third epistemological model, the one of the research-action, to the two models of the laboratory and of the terrain. Those researches are lead by multidisciplinary collectives of researchers in partnership with external of research. The system created allows to build in common from the partners problems the questions that have to be dealt and then, to build objects likely to be dealt scientifically by multidisciplinary collectives. Epistemologically speaking, it presupposes to construct rules that allows to build models. These models will have to organise, in principle, the contributions of different disciplines and to product knowledge scientifically allowing the partners to tackle problems, that lead them to appeal to research, more efficiently. Les fondements épistémologiques de l'évaluation des recherches tournées vers l'action. Dans le contexte actuel caractérisé par une demande croissante de recherche de la part des acteurs privés et publics, la recherche publique doit s'adapter. Dans le cas des recherches « pour å et « sur å le développement régional, cela se traduit par une double exigence : constituer des collectifs pluridisciplinaires de chercheurs et mettre en place une forme de partenariat spécifique, mêlant de nombreux acteurs réunis dans un même espace géographique. Mais au sein des institutions de recherche, ces démarches, parce qu'elles sortent des canons traditionnels, posent la question de leur évaluation. Pour moi, ce qui fonde le caractère scientifique c'est la manière de faire de la recherche plus que le caractère disciplinaire de l'objet. Cet article vise à montrer que l'évaluation ne peut plus se restreindre aux seuls résultats et qu'il est nécessaire d'évaluer comment ces recherches se mènent.

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