Dimensions of Employee Morale12

Abstract

Summary When the results of employee opinion surveys are communicated to management and supervisory personnel, they frequently ask “What can we do to improve the situation?” and “What are the causes?” These questions are often difficult to answer, especially if the survey results are expressed only in terms of overall morale indices. Survey results may be more meaningful if they deal with specific satisfactions and dissatisfactions of the employee group. Specific satisfactions may also be more useful to management in planning programs for improvement. To determine some of these specific satisfactions, a 62‐item employee opinion survey was subjected to a modified centroid factor analysis. This survey had previously been filled out by 2072 clerical and management employees. Twelve factors emerged from the analysis. One of the factors was identified as a general bias or “halo” factor, and another was identified as a general attitude toward supervision. The remaining ten factors were identified as: Pride in company, intrinsic job satisfaction, and satisfaction with each of the eight following conditions–setting up and enforcing job standards, supervisory consideration, work load and pressure, interest in and treatment of the individual, administration of salaries, communications, development and progress, and co‐workers. This analysis suggests areas of satisfaction which can be utilized to further understand and improve employee morale.

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