Letter reversal frequency in normal and learning‐disabled children

Abstract

The presence of letter reversals beyond the 2nd grade is often considered a manifestation of a neurologically based learning disability (LD). In order to test this assumption and to provide data on reversals frequency, a reversals frequency test was devised. Section I tests for reversals execution, and Section II for reversals recognition. The normal group consisted of 500 children (251 boys and 249 girls); the LD group of 343 children (245 boys and 98 girls). The children ranged in age from 5 to 15 1/2. Significant differences between normals and LD's were present for both sections of the test. Most important for differential diagnostic purposes, the data are presented with ranges, means, standard deviations, and percentile ranks (for each age, sex, and group)‐enabling the examiner to determine how a given patient compares to other children in the normal and LD groups.

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