Military Sexual Trauma in Men: A Review of Reported Rates

Tim Hoyt · Jennifer Klosterman Rielage · Lauren F. Williams

93 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Trauma & Dissociation

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Gender, Security, and Conflict Military, Security, and Education Studies

Abstract

Military sexual trauma (MST) has historically been associated with female service members, but it is also experienced by male service members. This article reviews reported prevalence and incidence rates of men's MST in 29 studies. Sources for these studies included the Department of Defense, the U.S. military service academies, and the Department of Veterans Affairs. There is significant variability in reported rates of men's MST. Averaging across studies covering the past 30 years, we found that MST is reported by approximately 0.09% of male service members each year, with a range of 0.02% to 6%. MST is reported by 1.1% of male service members over the course of their military careers, with a range of 0.03% to 12.4%. Determining prevalence and incidence rates for both men's and women's MST is fraught with limitations, including (a) cross-study variations in sample, method, definitions, and assessment and (b) barriers to reporting MST. Each of these limitations is reviewed with an eye toward identifying male-specific issues.

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References

1992Trauma and Recovery 2007The Veterans Health Administration and Military Sexual Trauma 1997Sexual harassment: Theory, research, and treatment.2008Military Sexual Trauma 2010Gender Differences in Rates of Depression, PTSD, Pain, Obesity, and Military Sexual Trauma Among Connecticut War Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan 1980Male rape: offenders and victims 2002Male sexual assault victims: a selective review of the literature and implications for support services 2006Stoic warriors: the ancient philosophy behind the military mind

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2016Sexual Harassment and Assault in the U.S. Military: A Review of Policy and Research Trends 2015Don’t tell: Military culture and male rape.2014Systemic Trauma 2017Prevalence of Military Sexual Trauma and Sexual Orientation Discrimination Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Military Personnel: a Descriptive Study 2018Military Sexual Assault in Transgender Veterans: Results From a Nationwide Survey

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