Crossmodal influences in somatosensory cortex: Interaction of vision and touch

Jennifer K. Dionne · Sean Kevin Meehan · Wynn Legon · Richard W. Staines

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Multisensory perception and integration Motor Control and Adaptation Tactile and Sensory Interactions

Abstract

Previous research has shown that information from one sensory modality has the potential to influence activity in a different modality, and these crossmodal interactions can occur early in the cortical sensory processing stream within sensory-specific cortex. In addition, it has been shown that when sensory information is relevant to the performance of a task, there is an upregulation of sensory cortex. This study sought to investigate the effects of simultaneous bimodal (visual and vibrotactile) stimulation on the modulation of primary somatosensory cortex (SI), in the context of a delayed sensory-to-motor task when both stimuli are task-relevant. It was hypothesized that the requirement to combine visual and vibrotactile stimuli would be associated with an increase in SI activity compared to vibrotactile stimuli alone. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on healthy subjects using a 3T scanner. During the scanning session, subjects performed a sensory-guided motor task while receiving visual, vibrotactile, or both types of stimuli. An event-related design was used to examine cortical activity related to the stimulus onset and the motor response. A region of interest (ROI) analysis was performed on right SI and revealed an increase in percent blood oxygenation level dependent signal change in the bimodal (visual + tactile) task compared to the unimodal tasks. Results of the whole-brain analysis revealed a common fronto-parietal network that was active across both the bimodal and unimodal task conditions, suggesting that these regions are sensitive to the attentional and motor-planning aspects of the task rather than the unimodal or bimodal nature of the stimuli.

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References

1999Auditory-Visual Integration during Multimodal Object Recognition in Humans: A Behavioral and Electrophysiological Study 2001Crossmodal Processing in the Human Brain: Insights from Functional Neuroimaging Studies 2007Neuronal Oscillations and Multisensory Interaction in Primary Auditory Cortex 2002Multisensory auditory–visual interactions during early sensory processing in humans: a high-density electrical mapping study 2004Integration of Auditory and Visual Information about Objects in Superior Temporal Sulcus 2000Modulation of Human Visual Cortex by Crossmodal Spatial Attention 2004Integration of Letters and Speech Sounds in the Human Brain 2005Multisensory Integration of Dynamic Faces and Voices in Rhesus Monkey Auditory Cortex

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