Article2006

Chronic Versus Episodic Irritability in Youth: ACommunity-Based, Longitudinal Study of Clinical and Diagnostic Associations

Ellen Leibenluft · Patricia R. Cohen · Tristan Gorrindo · Judith S. Brook · Daniel S. Pine

242 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Personality Disorders and Psychopathology Mental Health Research Topics

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Irritability is both a normal developmental phenomenon and a common psychiatric symptom in children. In psychiatric nosology, a distinction is made between chronic and episodic irritability. This study examines the validity of this distinction. METHODS: A sample of 776 youths received Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-based structured interviews at three time points. Questions regarding episodic and chronic irritability were used to create scales measuring these constructs; associations with age, gender, and diagnosis were examined. RESULTS: Episodic and chronic irritability differed in their associations with age. The longitudinal stability within irritability type was stronger than between types. In longitudinal analyses, chronic irritability at time 1 (mean age 13.8 +/- 2.6 years) predicted attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder at time 2 (mean age 16.2 +/- 2.8 years) and major depression at time 3 (mean age 22.1 +/- 2.7 years). Episodic irritability at time 1 predicted simple phobia and mania at time 2. CONCLUSIONS: Episodic and chronic irritability in adolescents appear to be stable, distinct constructs. Further research is needed to elucidate the longitudinal associations of each with specific psychiatric diagnoses.

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References

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Cited by

2017Irritability in Children and Adolescents 2010The Child Behavior Checklist‐Dysregulation Profile predicts substance use, suicidality, and functional impairment: a longitudinal analysis 2014Adult Diagnostic and Functional Outcomes of DSM-5 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder 2017Practitioner Review: Definition, recognition, and treatment challenges of irritability in young people

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