The many guises of victim impact evidence and effects on jurors' Judgments

Edith Greene

42 citations0/0 files storedPsychology Crime and Law

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Jury Decision Making Processes Legal processes and jurisprudence Criminal Justice and Penology

Abstract

Victims of crime are frequently given the opportunity to describe the impact of that crime at the sentencing hearings of their offenders. This information (typically referred to as victim impact evidence) may convey the physical, psychological, and/or financial impact of the crime on victims or survivors, victims' or survivors' opinions about the crime and the offender, and, in murder cases, information about the personal qualities of the deceased. There is heated debate about the use of victim impact statements in capital cases: proponents reason that jurors should know the extent of the harm caused by the offender; critics argue that this evidence infuses the trial with highly emotional and prejudicial information. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of various forms of victim impact evidence on mock jurors in a capital case. Results showed that different forms of victim impact evidence exert subtle and differential influences on jurors' sentiments about the victim and the victim's survivors.

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References

2010Journal of Applied Social Psychology 1994The Effects of Physical Attractiveness, Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Gender of Defendants and Victims on Judgments of Mock Jurors: A Meta‐Analysis1 1994Comprehending life and death matters: A preliminary study of California's capital penalty instructions.1994Victim Participation in Sentencing: And the Debate Goes On …1992The impact of battered woman syndrome evidence on jury decision processes.1998Victim Impact Evidence in Capital Cases: Does the Victim's Character Matter?1

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2009Understanding Genre through the Lens of Advocacy: The Rhetorical Work of the Victim Impact Statement 2008The role of death qualification in venirepersons’ susceptibility to victim impact statements 2010Victim participation in criminal trials in Japan 2014Excusing murder? Conservative jurors’ acceptance of the gay-panic defense.2014The Role of Emotion and Cognition in Juror Perceptions of Victim Impact Statements 2004Who Is the Victim Anyway? The Effects of Bystander Victim Impact Statements on Mock Juror Sentencing Decisions

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