An inventory system with periodic regular review and flexible emergency review

Abstract

We analyze a discrete time inventory model with two supply modes. Regular orders are placed periodically and arrive after a deterministic lead time. Emergency orders, characterized by a shorter deterministic lead time but higher purchase costs, can be placed in case of imminent stock-outs. We propose and analyze flexible order-up-to policies with emergency orders that arrive one, two,[tdot], up to some fixed number of time units before a regular order arrives. Based on an approximate cost model, we develop two sets of approximate explicit optimality conditions. The first set of conditions are rather complicated, but simulation shows that they do lead to near-optimal policies in most cases. The second set of conditions are very simple and seem more practical, but they only lead to a near-optimal policy if there are enough emergency supply opportunities in a review period to prevent most backorders.

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