Article2013

Stressed Spaces: Mental Health and Architecture

Kathleen Connellan · Mads Gaardboe · Damien W. Riggs · Clemence Due · Amanda Reinschmidt · Lauren Mustillo

164 citations0/0 files storedHERD Health Environments Research & Design Journal

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Healthcare Facilities Design and Sustainability Psychiatric care and mental health services Educational Environments and Student Outcomes

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive review of the research literature on the effects of the architectural designs of mental health facilities on the users. BACKGROUND: Using a team of cross-disciplinary researchers, this review builds upon previous reviews on general and geriatric healthcare design in order to focus on research undertaken for mental health care facility design. METHODS: Sources were gathered in 2010 and 2011. In 2010 a broad search was undertaken across health and architecture; in 2011, using keywords and 13 databases, researchers conducted a systematic search of peer reviewed literature addressing mental health care and architectural design published between 2005 to 2012, as well as a systematic search for academic theses for the period 2000 to 2012. Recurrent themes and subthemes were identified and numerical data that emerged from quantitative studies was tabulated. RESULTS: Key themes that emerged were nursing stations, light, therapeutic milieu, security, privacy, designing for the adolescent, forensic facilities, interior detail, patients' rooms, art, dementia, model of care, gardens, post-occupancy evaluation, and user engagement in design process. Of the 165 articles (including conference proceedings, books, and theses), 25 contained numerical data from empirical studies and 7 were review articles. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the review results, especially the growing evidence of the benefits of therapeutic design on patient and staff well-being and client length of stay, additional research questions are suggested concerning optimal design considerations, designs to be avoided, and the involvement of major stakeholders in the design process. KEYWORDS: Evidence-based design, hospital, interdisciplinary, literature review, post-occupancy.

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References

2005Pursuing Happiness: The Architecture of Sustainable Change 1970From hospital to community psychiatry 2008A Review of the Research Literature on Evidence-Based Healthcare Design 2002Urban Sprawl and Public Health 1991Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research.2002Urban sprawl and public health 2000Ethnography and health care 2006Physical environmental stimuli that turn healthcare facilities into healing environments through psychologically mediated effects: systematic review

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