Risk factors for HIV seropositivity among first‐time blood donors in Zimbabwe

Willi McFarland · D Mvere · Rodwell Shamu · David Allan Katzenstein

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Blood donation and transfusion practices HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Factors associated with an increased likelihood of HIV infection among newly recruited blood donors in Zimbabwe are identified. Their feasibility as criteria for exclusion from donation is assessed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A self-administered survey including demographic and behavioral questions was completed by 1199 first-time, volunteer blood donors in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods for subject recruitment and laboratory screening followed usual blood bank protocols. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of subjects were HIV positive. Factors significantly associated with HIV seropositivity at the p<0.05 level included recruitment venue, age, marital status, donor residence, residence of primary partner, occupation, history of sexually transmitted disease, and condom use. An exclusion strategy based on donor age, condom use, recruitment venue, sexually transmitted disease history, and residence of primary partner would exclude a large proportion of HIV-infected donors without substantial loss of uninfected donors. CONCLUSIONS: Exclusion of donors who are likely to be infected with HIV is a sound policy for improving blood safety and reducing operating costs worldwide. Identification of efficient donor selection criteria requires knowledge of the local epidemiology of HIV infection and the asking of questions that are likely to be answered accurately.

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References

1995Estimated Risk of Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus by Screened Blood in the United States 1995Socioeconomic obstacles to HIV prevention and treatment in developing countries 1997Epidemiology and Prevention of Transfusion-Associated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa 1992Risk of HIV infection from transfusion with blood negative for HIV antibody in a west African city.1995Deferral of blood donors with risk factors for HIV infection saves lives and money in Zimbabwe.1997Risk factors for prevalent and incident HIV infection in a cohort of volunteer blood donors in Harare, Zimbabwe: implications for blood safety.

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