Roles and Innovations in Medicine

Joseph Ben‐David

136 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Sociology

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History of Science and Medicine Medical History and Innovations Historical Medical Research and Treatments

Abstract

The pioneers in bacteriology and psychoanalysis illustrate the characteristics of scientific innovators who begin investigating problem defined at the time by scientific consensus as beyond the scope of science. Typically, the innovators were practitioners who were involved in research and academic teaching as a side-line, or "role hybrids," that is, theoretical scientists who were driven by personal or professional reasons to solve practical problems. With the spread of professionalization, other fields may gain their innovations from such sources.

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1970Sociometric Location and Innovativeness: Reformulation and Extension of the Diffusion Model 1991The peculiar history of scientific reason 1962Universities and Academic Systems in Modern Societies 2008Innovation: the history of a category 2018Paradise of Novelty—Or Loss of Human Capital? Exploring New Fields and Inventive Output 2006The Sources of Novelty: A Cultural and Systemic View of Distributed Creativity 2005Contesting a Hybrid Firm at a Traditional University 1983Marginality and Innovation in Science

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