Article2001

Can Involuntary Outpatient Commitment Reduce Arrests among Persons with Severe Mental Illness?

Jeffrey W. Swanson · Randy Borum · Marvin S. Swartz · Virginia Aldigé Hiday · Henry Ryan Wagner · Barbara J. Burns

158 citations0/0 files storedCriminal Justice and Behavior

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Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending

Abstract

Involuntary outpatient commitment (OPC) is a promising but controversial legal intervention that may reduce criminal justice contact in persons with severe mental illness (SMI). This article examines arrest outcomes in a 1-year randomized study of OPC in 262 participants with SMI in North Carolina. Extended OPC was found to be significantly associated with reduced arrest probability (12% vs. 45%) in a subgroup with a prior history of multiple hospitalizations combined with prior arrests and/or violent behavior. Reduction in risk of violent behavior was a significant mediating factor in the association between OPC and arrest. In persons with SMI whose history of arrests is related directly to illness relapse, OPC may reduce criminal justice contact by increasing participation in mental health services.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1983The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report 1976The Global Assessment Scale 1970From hospital to community psychiatry 2009A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health: Social Contexts, Theories, and Systems 1998The prediction of criminal and violent recidivism among mentally disordered offenders: A meta-analysis.1998Violence and Severe Mental Illness: The Effects of Substance Abuse and Nonadherence to Medication

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2006Putting community risk in perspective: A look at correlations, causes and controls 2002Impact of Outpatient Commitment on Victimization of People With Severe Mental Illness 2014The Treatment of Persons with Mental Illness in Prisons and Jails: A State Survey 2007Understanding and Preventing Criminal Recidivism Among Adults With Psychotic Disorders 2011Compulsory community and involuntary outpatient treatment for people with severe mental disorders

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