Deliberate self-harm and associated factors in 17-year-old Swedish students

Evelina Landstedt · Katja Gillander Gådin

58 citations0/0 files storedScandinavian Journal of Public Health

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Injury Epidemiology and Prevention Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) in young people is an important public health issue. To prevent DSH, more knowledge is needed about its prevalence and associated contextual factors in community samples of adolescents. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of deliberate self-harm in 17-year-old Swedish students and to explore the association of demographic variables, psychological distress, experiences of violence, and school-related factors with DSH. METHODS: Data were derived from a cross-sectional study in which 17-year-old students completed questionnaires during school hours (n = 1,663; 78.3%). The variables used in this analysis are as follows: deliberate self-harm, demographic variables, psychological distress, experiences of violence, and school-related factors. Data were analysed using chi-squared statistics and logistic regression. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of DSH was 17%, and it was more common among girls (23.3%) than boys (10.5%). There were considerable socioeconomic differences in reports of DSH. Psychological distress was strongly associated with DSH in both boys and girls, as were experiences of bullying, sexual harassment, physical violence and sexual assault. Social support, safety and academic factors in school were related to reports of DSH in both girls and boys. There were some gender differences with respect to which factors were associated with DSH. CONCLUSIONS: Deliberate self-harm is common and more frequently reported by girls than boys. Psychological distress, experiences of different types of violence, and school-related factors (academic, social and safety-related), should be considered risk factors for DSH in young people. Findings can be applied to health-promotion policy and interventions in various contexts, for example schools.

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References

2006Adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior 2002Deliberate self harm in adolescents: self report survey in schools in England 2005Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Among Community Adolescents: Understanding the “Whats” and “Whys” of Self-Harm 2008Deliberate self‐harm within an international community sample of young people: comparative findings from the Child & Adolescent Self‐harm in Europe (CASE) Study 2005Self-harm 2002Risk factors for deliberate self-harm among college students.2006Risk for Suicide Attempts Among Adolescents Who Engage in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury 2009Risk factors and correlates of deliberate self-harm behavior: A systematic review

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2012International prevalence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm 2017Socioeconomic position and self-harm among adolescents: a population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden

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