Poverty among the elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa and the role of social pensions

Nanak Kakwani · Kalanidhi Ahmed Subbarao

86 citations0/0 files storedThe Journal of Development Studies

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Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare Income, Poverty, and Inequality Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis

Abstract

Drawing on household survey information, this study delineates the poverty profile of the elderly in 15 low-income sub-Saharan African countries which include countries with a high and low prevalence of the HIV-AIDS pandemic. The study shows that the poverty situation of the elderly living with children and the elderly-headed households is much worse than the average in many countries. The impact of providing a social pension to the elderly on group-specific and national poverty head-count ratios and poverty gap ratios, and its fiscal implications, are analysed. Simulating various plausible eligibility criteria and benefit levels, the study concludes that while the case for an universal (untargeted) social pension is weak, substantial welfare gains can be obtained at a low cost with a social pension targeted to the poor among the elderly.

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References

1984A Class of Decomposable Poverty Measures 1976Poverty: An Ordinal Approach to Measurement 1980On a Class of Poverty Measures 1998Large Cash Transfers to the Elderly in South Africa 2005Old-Age Income Support in the 21st Century 2004Targeting of Transfers in Developing Countries: Review of Lessons and Experience 2004Targeting of Transfers in Developing Countries 1997Safety Net Programs and Poverty Reduction: Lessons from Cross-Country Experience

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2012Targeting, Universalism, and Single-Mother Poverty: A Multilevel Analysis Across 18 Affluent Democracies 2015Paradoxes of Social Policy 2010Poverty Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Selected Issues 2020Social protection for happiness? The impact of social pension reform on subjective well-being of the Korean elderly 2014Prevalence and Predictors of elder abuse in Mafikeng Local Municipality in South Africa 2017The Effects of Old-Age Public Transfer on the Well-Being of Older Adults: The Case of Social Pension in South Korea

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