Bodies, Texts, and Translators: Indigenous Breast Milk and the Jesuit Exclusion of Mestizos in Late Sixteenth-Century Peru

Abstract

The present article analyzes the connection between the corporeal reasons Jesuits provide to justify excluding their mestizo translators from the order in late sixteenth century Peru and the publication of the Third Lima Council's standardized translations. I argue the simultaneous Jesuit prohibition of mestizo ordination and the codification of religious translation in the Andes led to the consolidation of a marginalized, but still influential, subject position in colonial Peru occupied by non-European translators. While the hierarchy imposed by certain discriminatory ideologies marginalizes the mestizo “lengua,” a different hierarchy, that of the language specialist, invalidates some key implications of the exclusion.

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