CONSIDERING A THEORY OF CULTURAL TRAUMA AND LOSS

B. Hudnall Stamm · Henry E. Stamm · Amy C. Hudnall · Craig Higson-Smith

90 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Loss and Trauma

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Memory, History, Trauma, Identity Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights Racial and Ethnic Identity Research

Abstract

The authors propose a model of cultural trauma and revitalization. The theory suggests a framework for understanding disruptions that an “original” culture might suffer at the imposition of an “arriving” culture resulting in vulnerabilities of individuals, families/small groups, communities, and the larger societies. The cultural clash model posits that original cultures have identifiable and sustainable economic, social, political, and spiritual systems in the pre-contact era. Exposure to an arriving culture can radically alter the character and sustainability of the original culture. Emergence from the challenge can lead to cultural dissolution, but there can also be revitalization and reorganization. This can occur if the injured culture lays claim to economic and social resources, preferably with the support and encouragement of the hegemonic culture. The end result can be a form of bicultural or multicultural adaptation by the members of the original culture. Suggestions for testing the model of cultural trauma are offered by using culturally relevant variables in path analysis or structural equation modeling. The article closes with a discussion of issues related to individual, small group, community, and societal interventions following cultural loss and trauma.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1995Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey 2000The Wretched of the Earth 1976Individualism and Collectivism 1996Individualism and collectivism 1996Unclaimed Experience 1997Unclaimed experience: trauma, narrative, and history 2002Writing History, Writing Trauma

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2010Etiology and treatment of post-cumulative traumatic stress disorders in different cultures.2002Guidelines for International Training in Mental Health and Psychosocial Interventions for Trauma Exposed Populations in Clinical and Community Settings 2005Mental Health Care for Ethnic Minority Individuals and Communities in the Aftermath of Disasters and Mass Violence 2012Historical Trauma Among Urban American Indians: Impact on Substance Abuse and Family Cohesion 2010Integrating trauma psychology and cultural psychology: Indigenous perspectives on theory, research, and practice.

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