Microwave determination of the volume of a pressure vessel

Abstract

Using microwave techniques that are scalable to very large volumes, we measured the interior volume of a 0.3 m 3 , commercially manufactured pressure vessel with a relative uncertainty of 0.06%, as confirmed by independent, more-accurate gas-expansion measurements. This pressure vessel (or a much larger one of a similar design) could be used as either a calibrated volume standard or as a gas source and/or a gas collector for the calibration of gas-flow meters. In addition, we determined the expansion of the vessel with temperature (∂ V /∂ T ) p / V = (35.3 ± 1.9) × 10 −6 K −1 , and we estimated the pressure expansion (∂ V /∂ p ) T / V = 0.9 × 10 −3 MPa −1 . The volume measurement did not require careful thermostatting; its uncertainty was dominated by imperfect modeling of the volume’s shape. (The estimated uncertainties are one standard uncertainty with coverage factor k = 1 corresponding to 68% confidence level.)

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