The impact of sexual orientation and gender role on evaluations of men.

Abstract

The current study examined whether negative evaluations by predominantly heterosexual males, against gay males, is based on gay men's sexual orientation, per se, or on their real or perceived general gender role violations. Participants were 177 undergraduate, male students at an urban, private, Jesuit institution. Respondents read vignettes that described either masculine or feminine acting males of gay, heterosexual, or unspecified sexual orientation. Then participants were asked to rate the targets on a series of evaluative questions. Results revealed significant main effects for gender role and sexual orientation, indicating that feminine targets were rated more negatively than masculine targets, and gay targets were rated more negatively than heterosexual and unspecified targets. These findings support the conclusion that femininity and homosexuality act independently in the negative ratings of men.

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