Diagnostic accuracy of the trauma screening questionnaire after the 2005 London bombings

Chris R. Brewin · Nika Fuchkan · Zoe Huntley · Peter Scragg

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research COVID-19 and Mental Health Migration, Health and Trauma

Abstract

The diagnostic accuracy of screening instruments in the immediate aftermath of disaster is unknown. Following the 2005 London bombings a 2-year outreach program identified and screened affected persons. In 331 persons the accuracy of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) was compared to a DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. The sensitivity of the TSQ was comparable with previous studies, but specificity was substantially lower. Specificity was lowest immediately after the bombings and rose steadily over the next 18 months. Specificity was also lower in non-White individuals, who had elevated scores on the TSQ. The data are consistent with previous research showing elevated distress in ethnic minorities following trauma, and suggest limitations on the performance of screening instruments.

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References

2012Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2000Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults.200260,000 Disaster Victims Speak: Part I. An Empirical Review of the Empirical Literature, 1981–2001 2001A National Survey of Stress Reactions after the September 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks 2000Posttraumatic stress disorder: the burden to the individual and to society.2007Post-traumatic stress disorder following disasters: a systematic review 2005Failure and Delay in Initial Treatment Contact After First Onset of Mental Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication 2002Nationwide Longitudinal Study of Psychological Responses to September 11

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