Best Practice in Occupational Therapy: Program Characteristics that Influence Vocational Outcomes for People with Serious Mental Illnesses

Bonnie H. Kirsh · Lynn Cockburn · Rebecca E. Gewurtz

49 citations0/0 files storedCanadian Journal of Occupational Therapy

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Disability Education and Employment Occupational Therapy Practice and Research Mental Health and Patient Involvement

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the known benefits of work for people with mental illnesses, vocational outcomes of this group remain poor. Attempts at comparing the efficacy of various models of service delivery have met with limited success due to variations across studies. PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to provide information about key characteristics related to outcomes in the field of vocational rehabilitation for people with serious mental illnesses. METHOD: A comprehensive review of literature published between 1990 and 2003 was conducted, resulting in 39 articles for analysis. RESULTS: A set of twelve characteristics was identified that appear to influence vocational outcomes across models. These characteristics relate to the types of services offered, the manner in which services are delivered, and the work environment. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The authors suggest these characteristics can be incorporated across models and practice settings. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for best practice in occupational therapy.

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References

1997An update on supported employment for people with severe mental illness 1996The New Hampshire study of supported employment for people with severe mental illness.1995Assertive community treatment: an update of randomized trials 1999A Randomized Clinical Trial of Supported Employment for Inner-city Patients With Severe Mental Disorders 1997Work and Nonvocational Domains of Functioning in Persons with Severe Mental Illness: A Longitudinal Analysis 1998Principles of the Individual Placement and Support model: Empirical support.2003Vocational Rehabilitation in Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders 1995Accelerating entry into supported employment for persons with severe psychiatric disabilities.

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