Articlediamond2003

GRATITUDE AND HAPPINESS: DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASURE OF GRATITUDE, AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING

Philip Charles Watkins · Kathrane Woodward · Tamara Stone · Russell L. Kolts

969 citations0/0 files storedSocial Behavior and Personality An International Journal

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Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions Optimism, Hope, and Well-being

Abstract

The purpose of these studies was to develop a valid measure of trait gratitude, and to evaluate the relationship of gratitude to subjective well-being (SWB). Four studies were conducted evaluating the reliability and validity of the Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Test (GRAT), a measure of dispositional gratitude. This measure was shown to have good internal consistency and temporal stability. The GRAT was shown to relate positively to various measures of SWB. In two experiments, it was shown that grateful thinking improved mood, and results also supported the predictive validity of the GRAT. These studies support the theory that gratitude is an affective trait important to SWB.

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References

1985The Satisfaction With Life Scale 1988Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.1999Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress.1985An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion.1992The Aggression Questionnaire.2002The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography.2003Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life.1995Who Is Happy?

Cited by

2015Positive interventions: An emotion regulation perspective.2006Happy People Become Happier through Kindness: A Counting Kindnesses Intervention 2010A Review of the Tripartite Structure of Subjective Well-Being: Implications for Conceptualization, Operationalization, Analysis, and Synthesis 2008Gratitude and subjective well‐being in early adolescence: Examining gender differences 2009Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator 2017

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