INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE

Abstract

Data science is one of the fastest growing fields in the world, with 6.5 times as many job openings in 2017 as compared to 2012. Data science combines the data-driven approach of statistical data analysis, the computational power and programming acumen of computer science, and domain-specific business intelligence, in order to uncover actionable and profitable nuggets of information from large databases. This chapter describes the Data Science Methodology (DSM), which helps the analyst keep track of which phase of the analysis he or she is performing. It illustrates the adaptive and iterative nature of the DSM, using the following phases: problem understanding phase, data preparation phase, exploratory data analysis phase, setup phase, modeling phase, evaluation phase, and deployment phase. The chapter explains the most common data science task, namely, description, estimation, classification, clustering, prediction, and association.

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