A diffusion model analysis of the effects of aging on letter discrimination.

Anjali Thapar · Roger Ratcliff · Gail McKoon

200 citations0/0 files storedPsychology and Aging

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Aging and Gerontology Research Memory Processes and Influences Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Abstract

The effects of aging on accuracy and response time were examined in a letter discrimination experiment with young and older subjects. Results showed that older subjects (ages 60-75) were generally slower and less accurate than young subjects. R. Ratcliff's (1978) diffusion model was fit to the data, and it provided a good account of response times, their distributions, and response accuracy. The results produce similar age effects on the nondecision components of response time (about 50 ms slowing) and the response criteria (more conservative settings) to those from R. Ratcliff, A. Thapar, and G. McKoon (2001), but also show a reduced rate of accumulation of evidence for older subjects. The model-based approach has the advantage of allowing the separation of aging effects on different components of processing.

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References

1977The CES-D Scale 2015Older Adults' Reasons for Using Technology while Aging in Place 1996The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition.2016Handbook of the Psychology of Aging 1992The handbook of aging and cognition 1993Decision field theory: A dynamic-cognitive approach to decision making in an uncertain environment.2016Human Information Processing 1990Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence

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2004A Diffusion Model Account of the Lexical Decision Task.2008The overlap model: A model of letter position coding.2011Hierarchical diffusion models for two-choice response times.2007A diffusion model account of criterion shifts in the lexical decision task 2009Individual differences, aging, and IQ in two-choice tasks 2008Methodological and empirical developments for the Ratcliff diffusion model of response times and accuracy

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