La psychologie interculturelle a montrt qu’il existait des rapports ttroits entre le contexte culture1 et le dkveloppement comportemental de I’individu. Cette relation Ctablie, I’effort des recherches interculturelles a de plus en plus portt sur ce qu’il advenait des individus quand ils tentaient de refaire leur vie dans une culture diffirente de leur culture d’origine. Les consCquences psychologiques A long terme de ce processus d’acculturation sont tres variables, dependant de variables sociales et personnelles qui renvoient a la socittC de dCpart, i la sociite d’accueil et a des phCnomtnes qui existent avant, mais qui Cmergent pendant la periode d’acculturation. Cet article esquisse un schema conceptuel a partir duquel acculturation et adaptation peuvent Ctre Ctudites, puis presente quelques conclusions et resultats genCraux tires d’un Cchantillon de travaux empiriques. On envisage des applications possibles a la politique et aux programmes d’insertion en prenant en considthation les coih et les bCnCfices sociaux et psychologiques Cmanant de I’adoprion d’une orientation pluraliste et intkgrationniste. Cross-cultural psychology has demonstrated important links between cultural context and individual behavioural development. Given this relationship, cross-cultural research has increasingly investigated what happens to individuals who have developed in one cultural context when they attempt to re-establish their lives in another one. The long-term psychological consequences of this process of acculturation are highly variable, depending on social and personal variables that reside in the society of origin, the society of settlement. and phenomena that both exist prior to, and arise during, the course of acculturation. This article outlines a conceptual framework within which acculturation and adaptation can be investigated, and then presents some general findings and conclusions based on a sample of empirical studies.
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